Stomach Cancer

Stomach cancer occurs when abnormal cells in the stomach start to grow uncontrollably, forming a tumor. This cancer can affect any part of the stomach and may spread to nearby lymph nodes and other organs. There are several types of stomach cancer, with the most common type being adenocarcinoma.

Causes and Risk Factors

1. H. Pylori Infection: Infection with Helicobacter pylori bacteria is a significant risk factor for stomach cancer.
2. Diet: Diets high in smoked, salted, or pickled foods, and low in fruits and vegetables, may increase the risk.
3. Tobacco and Alcohol Use: These habits are associated with a higher risk of stomach cancer.
4. Family History: A family history of stomach cancer can increase an individual's risk.

Common Symptoms

1. Indigestion: Persistent and severe indigestion or discomfort after eating.
2. Unexplained Weight Loss: Significant weight loss without dieting or exercise.
3. Abdominal Pain: Discomfort or pain in the upper abdomen.
4. Nausea and Vomiting: Frequent nausea and vomiting, sometimes with blood.
5. Difficulty Swallowing: Difficulty or pain when swallowing food.

Diagnosis

Diagnosing stomach cancer typically involves a combination of tests, including endoscopy, imaging studies, and biopsies. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment.

Treatment

Treatment for stomach cancer may include:

1. Surgery: Surgical removal of the tumor and, in some cases, part or all of the stomach.
2. Chemotherapy: Medications to kill cancer cells or slow their growth.
3. Radiation Therapy: High-energy beams used to target and destroy cancer cells.
4. Targeted Therapy: Drugs that target specific molecules involved in cancer growth.

Stomach cancer is a serious disease, but early detection and appropriate treatment can improve outcomes. If you or someone you know experiences symptoms or has risk factors for stomach cancer, it is essential to seek medical evaluation and proper treatment.